Headache is the medical term used for headache. According to the World Health Organization, this is one of the most common disorders of the nervous system. Headache can affect both men and women of all ages and can vary in intensity, duration, and frequency. On this occasion, Dr. Gabriel Pérez, neurologist at the Centro Médico Plaza Lima Sur of the Clinica Ricardo Palma, gives us more information on the subject and reminds us that this condition can be a symptom of several underlying diseases.

Types of headaches

Three types of headaches can be recognized, according to the International Classification of Headaches:

1. Primary headaches: here we have migraine and tension headache.
2. Secondary headaches: these include headaches caused by a wide variety of pathologies, such as trauma, tumors, hemorrhages, among others.
3. Neuropathies and facial pain, such as trigeminal neuralgia (type of pain that affects one side of the face).

Symptoms

The most common symptoms include:

• Headache with multiple characteristics such as: throbbing, oppressive, sharp pain
• In the case of migraine, it may be accompanied by nausea, vomiting, intolerance to light and noise, among others.
• On the other hand, symptoms may appear that reveal a more serious cause such as uncontrollable vomiting or altered consciousness.

Diagnosis

A thorough medical history and physical examination are vital for the specialist to rule out any emergencies. Depending on the findings, the examination may be complemented with a CT scan, MRI, lumbar puncture, or other tests.

Treatment

Treatment of headache depends on the underlying cause and type of headache.

The most effective may include lifestyle changes, relaxation therapies, analgesic medications, and preventive migraine treatments.

Prevention

To prevent headache, the following is recommended:

• Maintaining a healthy lifestyle
• Getting enough sleep
• Avoiding excessive consumption of alcohol and certain foods that can trigger headaches.
• Exercising regularly
• Reducing stress
• Staying hydrated

Dr. Gabriel Pérez
Neurologist at the Centro Médico Plaza Lima Sur of the Clinica Ricardo Palma