Polycystic ovary syndrome is one of the most frequent pathologies in gynecology. This condition occurs in the reproductive age and is one of the main causes of infertility due to a hormonal imbalance, since it leads to the interruption of the menstrual cycle and a tendency to present high levels of male hormones (androgens). On this occasion, Dr. José Luis Mercado, a gynecologist at Clinica Ricardo Palma, give us more information on the subject.

Symptoms

Polycystic ovarian syndrome can be easily diagnosed when women present the following characteristics:

• Excess androgens (masculinizing hormones in women)
• Hirsutism (increased hairiness in different parts of the body such as the abdominal region and face)
• irregular menstrual cycles
• Ultrasound signs of ovaries with multiple follicles
• Increased size of the ovaries, among others

Causes

There are multiple genetic variants and environmental factors that interact to promote the development and characteristics of the disorder. On the one hand, a hereditary basis can be established, since studies have shown a higher prevalence of the disease in women with first-degree relatives who were also affected. On the other hand, there are studies that mention that this pathology is caused by an excess of hormonal stimulation.

Complications

Patients suffering from polycystic ovary have 5 times more risk of developing cardiovascular disease; they are 3 to 4 times more prone to breast and endometrial cancer; 70% of them present insulin resistance and hyperinsulinism; in addition to being more likely to develop Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus.

Treatment

Treatment involves multidisciplinary management, made up of a team of gynecologists, dermatologists, and endocrinologists, who will provide you with the appropriate treatment.

Dr. José Luis Mercado
Gynecologist at Clinica Ricardo Palma