Ovarian cancer is usually very aggressive. In our country, the incidence of this neoplasm is 150 cases per 100,000 inhabitants. It occupies second place in mortality and it is estimated that 75% is diagnosed at an advanced stage, mainly in Lima, says Dr. Marco Sánchez Salcedo, gynecologic oncologist of our clinic, who provides us with valuable information on this type of cancer.

How does ovarian cancer originate and what is the most frequent subtype?

• The malignant tumor may originate in one or both ovaries, the female reproductive organs responsible for producing and releasing an egg each month.
• Epithelial ovarian cancer is the most frequent subtype among the female population and occurs mostly in women over 50 years of age.

What are the most frequent symptoms?

Pressure or pain in the abdomen, back or pelvic area, bloating, rapid fullness or difficulty eating are the most recurrent symptoms of this disease, which if identified early can be treated with a better prognosis.

Why is it so important to have a gynecological check-up? 

• Most women have one or more risk factors for developing ovarian cancer. An annual gynecological check-up is essential for early diagnosis and appropriate treatment. Early menarche, late menopause, smoking, estrogen use after menopause, overweight and obesity, aging, being a carrier of the BRCA1 or BRCA2 genetic mutation are some of the risk factors that predispose to its development.
• The treatment of this neoplasm depends on its stage and may require surgery, chemotherapy or a combination of both. The earlier it is diagnosed, the greater the chances of combating this disease, which in the United States alone claims the lives of more than 12,000 women.

Prevention through good habits

• Exercising regularly, having an adequate weight, following a balanced diet that includes more vegetables and fruits, as well as reducing alcohol intake and avoiding smoking help prevent this cancer and other types of diseases. To reduce the risk of its development, it is also suggested to be a mother and breastfeed, to undergo genetic tests if there is a history of this neoplasm and to undergo preventive gynecological surgery, if necessary.

Remember:

Ovarian cancer can be prevented. It is essential to have an annual check-up with your gynecologist to rule out any health problems. Many women believe that when they stop menstruating, it is no longer necessary to undergo check-ups, which is a misconception and can put your health at risk.

Dr. Marco Sánchez Salcedo
Gynecologic oncologist at Clínica Ricardo Palma