Gout is a chronic disease caused by the crystallization of uric acid in different parts of the body. It can occur in the joints, kidneys or periarticular (around the joints) and subcutaneous soft tissues, and can cause recurrent episodes of inflammation and pain. Dr. Oscar Chigne, rheumatologist at Clinica Ricardo Palma, indicates that this disease tends to occur more in men; however, women become more prone after menopause. Next, our specialist gives us information about the symptoms and treatments.

Symptoms

Its symptoms are the following:

• Recurrent episodes of acute joint inflammation; occurs in periods of variable duration and usually occurs more frequently in peripheral joints such as the foot, ankle, knees, wrist and elbows.
• Redness and severe pain; the affected area tends to become hot and red in color, presenting tenderness and swelling
• Episodes of fever may occur
• Joint deformation and functional restriction; this occurs due to the appearance of tophi (hard nodules of uric acid crystals deposited in the surrounding joint and soft tissue)

Treatment and prevention

Treatment aims to alleviate acute episodes of inflammation, through the use of anti-inflammatories, analgesics and non-pharmacological measures, such as: rest and use of cold compresses on the compromised joint.

On the other hand, to prevent subsequent outbreaks and avoid the formation of new uric acid deposits in the tissues, it is necessary to make changes in the diet and have proper weight management, as well as drug treatment with medications that help reduce uric acid levels.

Gout is a disease that has no cure. For this reason, it is of the utmost importance an adequate control that leads to a comprehensive treatment, requiring the recognition of risk factors and the correct treatment of associated diseases.

Dr. Oscar Chigne
Rheumatologist at Clínica Ricardo Palma