“It is important to recognize any signs of respiratory distress early, especially in children at risk. Hospital treatment will avoid complications, helping the child to breathe and keep him hydrated. To do this, we can administer supplemental oxygen or provide ventilatory support. In addition, small volumes of liquid feeding frequently through the use of a tube, through the mouth and nose, and even intravenously, if necessary ”, says Dr. Carlos José Mendoza Fox, Pediatric Pulmonologist at our clinic.

What is bronchiolitis and what causes it?                                                                                                    

It is an acute respiratory infection that causes bronchial obstruction, preceded by a picture similar to the common cold and that generally affects children under 2 years of age. This frequent pathology is caused by viruses, mainly rhinovirus and respiratory syncytial virus, also by influenza, adenovirus, coronavirus, etc.

What are its symptoms?

Initially the child has a runny nose, cough and mild fever, later there is shortness of breath and wheezing (“chest wheezing”). In severe cases there is a large increase in respiratory rate and retractions (“sinking ribs”)

Is bronchiolitis contagious?

The virus that causes it is, but not necessarily every infected child will have bronchiolitis, in fact, most will have a picture similar to a common cold.

How to prevent it?

• Encouraging breastfeeding, as it is associated with a lower risk of bronchiolitis and, if it occurs, a better evolution will be achieved
• Avoiding maternal smoking to reduce the incidence and severity of bronchiolitis, especially during pregnancy
• Strictly complying with the baby’s vaccination schedule
• In order to reduce the risk of hospitalization in high-risk patients, it is suggested to administer monoclonal antibodies against respiratory syncytial virus.

Recommendations at home:

• Maintain adequately ventilated environments
• Avoid contact with people with respiratory symptoms
• Frequent hand washing and flu vaccination by caregivers

Avoid exposure to tobacco and environmental pollution

Dr. Carlos José Mendoza Fox
Pediatric Pulmonologist at Clínica Ricardo Palma