In Peru, lung cancer is the fifth most frequent cause of death, however, it is the second most deadly type of cancer. “Its treatment is surgical, in early stages. If the cancer is locally advanced, multidisciplinary treatment with chemotherapy, radiotherapy, immunotherapy and surgery can be given. In very advanced cases, complementary medical attention is generally given”, says Dr. Edgar Amorín, renowned oncologist, thorax and cardiovascular surgeon at our clinic, who provides us with more information about this neoplasm:

Who is at high risk for lung cancer?

• Those who smoke more than 10 cigarettes a day and have been a smoker for more than 10 consecutive years, those who started smoking at an early age and those who are passive smokers.

• Those who are exposed to inhale chemical substances and particles of toxic matter (arsenic, asbestos, radon, wood smoke, pesticides, etc.), among other carcinogens such as uranium and fumes from the combustion of diesel engines, among others.

• Those with a personal and family history of lung cancer.

• This type of cancer used to be more common in men. However, in the last 10 years women have a higher percentage compared to men, according to INEN data, due to the change in their lifestyle and tobacco consumption.

• Patients older than 40 years, with a higher incidence between 50 and 70 years. Although it is not often diagnosed before this age range, cases have been recorded in 16-year-olds

What are its symptoms?

If the lung cancer is early stage, you will not have any symptoms. If there is a cough, chest pain, shortness of breath, coughing up blood, bone pain, etc., the disease may be locally advanced or very advanced.

How is it diagnosed early?

Those who are at high risk for lung cancer should have an annual CT scan. If micronodules are detected, they can be cured with surgery and the patient can live without evidence of the disease.

How to prevent it?

• Avoid smoking
• Avoid exposure to inhalants or toxic irritants

Dr. Edgar Amorín
Oncologist, thorax and cardiovascular surgeon at Clínica Ricardo Palma