In Peru, cervical cancer is a public health problem, according to the National Institute of Statistics and Informatics (INEI), in 2017 this neoplasm was the most frequent among women in our country, with 47% of cases in advanced stages occurring in women under 35 years of age. However, it is important to note that this cancer is preventable and curable if caught early. For this reason, Dr. Marco Sánchez Salcedo, gynecologist oncologist at our institution, offers us greater scope in terms of its prevention and diagnosis.

It has been fully demonstrated that the prevention and early detection of cancer are the fundamental tools to reduce the incidence and mortality caused by this disease. Although there are risk factors that cannot be modified or changed, such as age or family history, there are risk factors that we can prevent, such as:

• HPV infection
• Sexual promiscuity
• Smoking
• Sexually transmitted diseases
• Multiparity
• Weakened immune system
• Long-term use of oral contraceptives

Likewise, the also Director of the center of excellence in training in cervical cancer for Latin America, mentions that there are currently three types of vaccines approved for use in the prevention of this disease: Bivalent, Tetravalent and Nonavalent. The ideal age for its application to girls is between 9 and 13 years of age, although a person who has not had any sexual encounter can apply the vaccine and count on its effectiveness.

Diagnosis

To prevent or detect cervical cancer in a precancerous stage and thus avoid the development of this neoplasm, every patient should undergo the following examinations once a year:

• HPV test
• Pap smear
• Visual inspection with acetic acid

Remember: If you have a bad vaginal odor or bleeding after sexual intercourse and/or pelvic pain, see a health professional immediately and undergo screening tests to prevent the development of cervical cancer. This disease can be avoided if you keep your annual medical check-ups, the decision is in your hands.

Dr. Marco Sánchez Salcedo
Gynecologist oncologist at Clínica Ricardo Palma